Fusilamientos del 3 de mayo. Don Francisco de Goya y Lucientes
In 1788, Carlos IV became King of Spain, but his
valido, Manuel Godoy, governed the country. At
the end of the 18th century there was a revolution in
France and a republic was formed. In 1808, Godoy
allowed French troops to enter Spain on their way
to conquer Portugal. However, the French leader,
Napoleon, deposed King Carlos IV and made his
brother, José Bonaparte, King of Spain.
The presence of French troops in Madrid caused
a popular uprising on the 2nd of May, 1808. This
was the start of the Spanish War of Independence.
How was Napoleon defeated?
La defensa del parque Monteleón por Joaquín Sorolla
All over Spain, people formed guerrilla groups
and fought the French. Great Britain and
Portugal also sent armies to help the Spanish.
José Bonaparte finally left Spain in 1813.
During the War of Independence, the governing
assembly of Spain was in Cádiz, where the first
Spanish constitution, the Constitution of 1812,
was written. It stated that all free men were
equal and proposed a government chosen by
vote, and a monarchy controlled by parliament.
Cortes de Cádiz
Constitución de 1812. Llamada La Pepa debido a que fue aprobada el 19 de marzo (Día de San José)
What happened during Fernando VII’s reign?
After the Spanish War of Independence, the monarchy
was restored. From 1814 to 1833, Fernando VII was King of
Spain. He was an absolute monarch and did not accept the
Constitution of 1812.
Mariana Pineda fue ejecutada durante el Reinado de Fernando VII por sus ideas liberales y bordar esa bandera. Extraído de Heroínas secretas de la Historia de España por El Fisgón Histórico.
Spain followed the Constitution of 1812 for three years: a
period known as the Trienio Liberal. A military revolt in
1820, led by Colonel Riego, ended this period and forced
Fernando VII to become a constitutional king.
During Fernando VII’s reign, many American colonies
became independent countries because of the weak monarchy.
Simón Bolívar (derecha) y José San Martín (izquierda) lucharon por la independencia de las colonias
Fernando VII wanted his only child, Isabel, to become
queen, so he revoked the Salic Law that stopped women
from ruling. His brother Carlos and his supporters, the
Carlists, did not accept this change.
Muerte de Fernando VII. F. de Madrazo 1833.
María Cristina con sus hijas Isabel II (con la corona) y Mª Luisa Fernanda (El parque de María Luisa de Sevilla lleva su nombre)
Carlos María Isidro
What happened during Isabel II’s reign?
The start of Isabel’s reign was very unstable with two
Carlist wars from 1833 to 1839 and from 1846 to 1849.
La Guerra Carlista
Caricatura satírica del Carlismo. 1870
There were two groups of liberals that supported Isabel.
The moderates wanted more power for the monarch and
the progressives wanted more power for elected deputies
in parliament.
Isabel II, Espartero y Narváez
Influencia de Sor Patrocinio en La Corte
Intento de asesinato a Isabel II
Isabel II and Francisco de Asís
Isabel and her government were very unpopular. In 1868,
there was a military revolution, known as La Gloriosa, and
Isabel II abdicated.
PARA SABER MÁS SOBRE LA GUERRA DE LA INDEPENDENCIA
Cómo sobrevivir durante la Guerra de la Independencia
PERSONAJES DESTACADOS
Agustina de Aragón
Defensora de Zaragoza durante los Sitios, en la Guerra de la Independencia. A golpe de cañón detuvo el avance los ejércitos napoleónicos.
Francisco de Goya
Pintor y grabador español que reflejó en sus pinturas los principales acontecimientos y escenas de su época.
Duque de Wellington
Militar y político británico con una participación destacada en las guerras napoleónicas y en la guerra de Independencia española y comandante jefe del ejército Británico
Luis Daóiz
Militar sevillano que participó en el levantamiento del pueblo de Madrid contra los franceses en 1808. A la derecha estatua en Sevilla.
El Empecinado
Leyenda de la Guerra de la Independencia en la que participó como jefe de una de las guerrillas que derrotaron repetidas veces al ejército napoleónico. Con un instinto natural para la guerra de guerrillas. Fue ejecutado como un perro, por el Rey que defendió: Fernando VII
General Castaños
Sirvió durante 80 años al ejército español y murió pobre. Sobresalió durante La Guerra de La Independencia española y las Guerras revolucionarias francesas.
We use different types of vehicles to transport people,
animals and products.
• Freight vehicles transport manufactured products
and animals.
• Passenger vehicles transport people.
Some vehicles are for individual use or for a few
people, like cars or taxis.
Other vehicles are for many people, like trains and
buses. Most collective vehicles are for public transport.
What is trade?
Trade is buying or selling products. The people who buy
are the consumers. The people who sell are the suppliers.
Domestic trade happens in your own country.
International trade is trade with other countries.
Imports are the products or raw materials we buy from
other countries.
Products and raw materials we sell to other countries are
called exports.
What are outlets?
Products and raw materials are sold in different outlets.
• Small shops often specialize in only one product.
• Markets have many different stalls selling a variety of
products, often food. they can be indoors or on a street.
• Shopping centres have many shops.
• Warehouses are large spaces where suppliers buy
products for their shops.
Many outlets also sell products online.
