Europe’s coastline is long. Some parts are high, like the coastlines of Norway and Scotland. Others are low and flat, like the coastlines of the Netherlands and Denmark.
Norwegian coastline |
The main features are:
Peninsulas are land that is surrounded by water on three sides.
Gulfs are parts of the ocean or sea that extend into the land. For example, the Gulf of Bothnia in the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Lion in the Mediterranean Sea.
Gulf of Bothnia |
Gulf of León |
Capes are areas of land that extend beyond the
coastline.
Fjords are long, narrow, deep valleys formed by glaciers on the Scandinavian Peninsula.
Rías are coastal valleys that have been flooded by the ocean. They are tidal and are found in the north-west of the Iberian Peninsula.
Islands are pieces of land that are completely surrounded by water. Five European countries are islands: the United Kingdom, Ireland, Malta, Cyprus and Iceland.
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